Related Papers
The economics of early childhood care and education
2006 •
Arnaud Chevalier
Social Policy & Administration
The Consequences of Implementing a Child Care Voucher Scheme: Evidence from Australia, the Netherlands and the USA
2011 •
Raymond Gradus, Mildred Warner
Part II Equitable Public Action in the Domestic Arena: Broadening Opportunities
2005 •
XImena Del Carpio
Ilifa Labantwana & Resep ECD Working Paper Series
Supply-Side and Demand-Side Approaches to Financing Early Childhood Care and Education in South Africa
2021 •
Gabrielle Wills, Jesal kika-mistry
Public financing of early childhood care and education (ECCE) in South Africa follows a supply subsidisation model where finance flows to the provider of services. This paper considers whether there could be merits to an alternative demand-side approach to public financing of ECCE in South Africa where finance follows those benefitting from these services such as parents or caregivers. We identify key arguments for and against demand-side subsidisation from the existing international literature against the realities of ECCE provisioning in the local context. Specifically, the paper explores the suitability of two demand-side financing approaches, namely conditional cash transfers and demand-side vouchers for early childhood care or education. A key conclusion is that demand-side subsidisation approaches cannot replace existing supply-side approaches to public ECCE financing. A primary concern is that demand-side subsidisation in the absence of supply-side support is ineffective if supply-constraints are binding. Supply-side responses to support widening ECCE access are likely to be further limited as the COVID pandemic exacerbates information asymmetries rife in childcare markets. Concerns also pertain to the ethics, feasibility and efficacy of attaching ECCE attendance conditionalities to the receipt of existing cash transfers. In moving forward, implementing financial and administrative reforms of the existing supply-side model, including raising finance allocations for ECCE and resolving current administrative challenges in the sector, is simply unavoidable.
Widening the gap? The impact of the 30-hour entitlement on early years education and childcare: 26 May 2016
2016 •
Jo Hutchinson
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the various stakeholders, academics and policy makers who contributed their advice and expertise which has supported this report. Particular thanks goes to all those who attended CentreForum's early years policy roundtable in November 2015 and to Professor Eva Lloyd (University of East London) and Dr Jo Blanden (University of Surrey) for their helpful and insightful feedback on an earlier draft of this report. Thanks also goes to Chris Saunders, for his assistance with statisical analysis during the early stages of the project. At CentreForum, the authors would particularly like to thank Peter Sellen, for his invaluable support with statistical analysis, and David Laws, Natalie Perera and Jon Andrews for their assistance in shaping and editing the project.
United Nations
Unpaid care work in times of the COVID-19 crisis: Gendered impacts, emerging evidence and promising policy responses
2020 •
Esuna Dugarova
Paper prepared for the UN Expert Group Meeting "Families in development: Assessing progress, challenges and emerging issues. Focus on modalities for IYF+30" Esuna Dugarova 1
Gender Regimes and Welfare States in France: A historical perspective
2011 •
Jean-Marie Monnier
This paper has a twofold aim. First, we will analyze the system of family benefits in relation with the income tax system in France through the adoption of a historical and gender perspective. While typologies of welfare states frequently neglect taxation, in our view, one must take family taxation into account because it provides incentives and disincentives for paid income. Moreover, in the case of France, a close relationship exists between family benefits and taxation on income, one that stems from certain discussions—discussions led to the birth of the French system.Second, we will demonstrate how and to what extent France has moved away from the male-breadwinner model. However, any decline of the malebreadwinner model does not, in turn, indicate a corresponding shift toward a dual caregiver model. Indeed, the current French model has ambiguous effects on gender relations.
Children and Youth Services Review
Which low-income parents select child-care?
2005 •
Diane Hirshberg
Women's History Review
Free Markets and Feminism: The Neo-Liberal Defence of the Male Breadwinner Model in Britain, c. 1980-1997
2019 •
Ben Jackson
Although neo-liberalism is often seen as a set of ideas that prioritises the individual, in fact neo-liberals have always seen the traditional family as the critical social institution that is to be protected from the state and to be granted new freedoms by greater access to market opportunities. A male bread-winner model of economic life was therefore as central to the worldview of neo-liberalism as it was to post-war social democracy. How did the advocates of market liberalism on the British right conceptualise the shifts in gender norms that took place during the 1980s and 1990s? How far did they try to adapt their free market objectives to this new social reality and how far did they try to resist it? How did they react to the growing salience of feminist arguments and policies on the left of British politics, and in particular Labour’s growing enthusiasm for a social democratic politics that integrated some feminist insights? This article investigates these questions through an examination of the political thought of Britain’s market liberals. The picture that emerges is two-fold: in the first instance, a concerted, although unsuccessful, effort by the free market right to resist some of this social change, but secondly greater ideological success for neo-liberals with respect to the role that could legitimately be played by the state rather than the market in addressing the social challenges posed by shifting gender roles.
Early Childhood Research Quarterly
An exploratory study of the impacts of an employer-supported child care program
2011 •
Taryn Morrissey
